Weeks & Co
A week (in the Western and international context) is a unit of time equal to seven days. It is the standard calendrical period between a day and a month in most parts of the world. There are just over 52 weeks in a year, or on average 4+1⁄3 weeks in a month. The days of the week are often used to set work days, rest days, and holy days. The term "week" is also used to refer to a sub-section of the week, such as the workweek and weekend. Certain weeks within a year may be designated for a particular purpose, such as Golden Week in China and Japan. More informally, certain groups may advocate awareness weeks, such as National Family Week in Canada, which are designed to draw attention to a certain subject or cause.
Some ancient and traditional cultures have or had different week lengths, including ten days in Egypt, an eight-day week for Etruscans and ancient Romans, and four- or five-day weeks between market days in modern West Africa. (See also the Japanese ten-day jun, used alongside the 7-day week.) The Romans later switched to a seven-day week. This was originally a so-called planetary or astrological week, a cycle of disputed origins that named each day after a classical planet and the god identified with that planet. Due to the spread of Christianity, the Romans' astrological week was identified and merged with the Christian seven-day week centred on Sunday (the day of the Resurrection of Christ), which had originated with the Jewish seven-day week centred on Saturday. Both the astrological week and the Jewish week may have been inspired by seven-day cycles in the Babylonian calendar, although the evidence for that is weak. In AD 321, Emperor Constantine the Great decreed a seven-day week in the Roman Empire, including making Sunday a public holiday. This spread across Europe, then the rest of the world.
In English, the days use Germanic equivalents of the Roman names, apart from Saturday, which had no equivalent: Sunday (Sol/sun day), Monday (Luna/moon day), Tuesday (Mars/Tiw's day), Wednesday (Mercury/Woden's day), Thursday (Jupiter/Thor's day), Friday (Venus/Friga's day), and Saturday (Saturn day).
Which days of the week are designated the first and the last varies by culture, though virtually all have Saturday, Sunday, or Monday as the first day.
The three Abrahamic religions observe different days of the week as their holy day. Muslims observe the Sabbath on Friday (Friday prayer), because it was described as a sacred day of congregational worship in the Quran. Jews observe the Sabbath on Saturday (Shabbat), the seventh day, in honor of God's creation of the world in six days and resting on the seventh. Christians observe the Sabbath on Sunday, traditionally the first day of the week in Christian calendars, in honor of the resurrection of Jesus.
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